Abstract
Agile and Lean software development methods have become ubiquitous during the past two decades and have been shown to decisively improve the rapidity and success of software projects. However, the rise of virtual teams and ever more complex products have changed the context for which these methods were originally developed. The result are new organizational challenges that threaten to make Agile and Lean irrelevant. Additional pressure comes from new methods such as DevOps and BizDevOps that are increasing team diversity. Agile and Lean research, however, has not kept pace with these changes, creating the risk that Agile and Lean may become irrelevant in the near future.